
AWS Certified Advanced Networking – Specialty (ANS-C01) Certification Guide
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Route 53 DNS records are different from normal DNS records because they offer more control over how traffic is directed. Normal DNS records just link a domain name to an IP address. In Route 53, routing policies let you send traffic based on things such as whether a server is healthy, where the user is located, or which server can respond the fastest. For example, if a server goes down, failover routing automatically sends users to a backup server. Latency and geolocation policies make sure users are directed to the closest or fastest server, giving better performance than normal DNS.
When configuring a DNS record in Route 53, selecting a routing policy is the first step when configuring a resource record in a hosted domain. The policy selected is based on what your goals are for that resource. Except for simple routing, all routing policies support the use of health checks.
The following is a summary of the routing policies available in AWS: