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Crystal Programming

Crystal Programming

By : George Dietrich, Bernal
5 (1)
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Crystal Programming

Crystal Programming

5 (1)
By: George Dietrich, Bernal

Overview of this book

Crystal is a programming language with a concise and user-friendly syntax, along with a seamless system and a performant core, reaching C-like speed. This book will help you gain a deep understanding of the fundamental concepts of Crystal and show you how to apply them to create various types of applications. This book comes packed with step-by-step explanations of essential concepts and practical examples. You'll learn how to use Crystal’s features to create complex and organized projects relying on OOP and its most common design patterns. As you progress, you'll gain a solid understanding of both the basic and advanced features of Crystal. This will enable you to build any application, including command-line interface (CLI) programs and web applications using IOs, concurrency and C bindings, HTTP servers, and the JSON API. By the end of this programming book, you’ll be equipped with the skills you need to use Crystal programming for building and understanding any application you come across.
Table of Contents (26 chapters)
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1
Part 1: Getting Started
5
Part 2: Learning by Doing – CLI
10
Part 3: Learn by Doing – Web Application
13
Part 4: Metaprogramming
18
Part 5: Supporting Tools

Organizing your code in files

Writing code in a single file is fine for some quick tests or very small applications, but anything else will eventually need to be organized in multiple files. There is always the main file, which is the one you pass to the crystal run or the crystal build command, but this file can reference code in other files with the require keyword. Compilation will always begin by analyzing this main file and then analyzing any file it references, and so on, recursively.

Let's analyze an example:

  1. First, create a file named factorial.cr:
    def factorial(n)
      (1..n).product
    end
  2. Then, create a file named program.cr:
    require "./factorial"
    (1..10).each do |i|
      puts "#{i}! = #{factorial(i)}"
    end

In this example, require "./factorial" will search for a file named factorial.cr in the same folder as program.cr and import everything it defines. There is no way to select only part of what the required...

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