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Crystal Programming

Crystal Programming

By : George Dietrich, Bernal
5 (1)
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Crystal Programming

Crystal Programming

5 (1)
By: George Dietrich, Bernal

Overview of this book

Crystal is a programming language with a concise and user-friendly syntax, along with a seamless system and a performant core, reaching C-like speed. This book will help you gain a deep understanding of the fundamental concepts of Crystal and show you how to apply them to create various types of applications. This book comes packed with step-by-step explanations of essential concepts and practical examples. You'll learn how to use Crystal’s features to create complex and organized projects relying on OOP and its most common design patterns. As you progress, you'll gain a solid understanding of both the basic and advanced features of Crystal. This will enable you to build any application, including command-line interface (CLI) programs and web applications using IOs, concurrency and C bindings, HTTP servers, and the JSON API. By the end of this programming book, you’ll be equipped with the skills you need to use Crystal programming for building and understanding any application you come across.
Table of Contents (26 chapters)
close
1
Part 1: Getting Started
5
Part 2: Learning by Doing – CLI
10
Part 3: Learn by Doing – Web Application
13
Part 4: Metaprogramming
18
Part 5: Supporting Tools

Defining macros

In Crystal, a macro has two meanings. Generally, it refers to any code that runs or expands at compile time. However, more specifically, it can refer to a type of method that accepts AST nodes at compile time, whose body is pasted into the program at the point the macro is used. An example of the latter is the property macro, which you saw in previous chapters, which is an easy way to define both a getter and a setter method for a given instance variable:

class Example
  property age : Int32
  
  def initialize(@age : Int32); end
end

The preceding code is equivalent to the following:

class Example
  @age : Int32
 
  def initialize(@age : Int32); end
 
  def age : Int32
    @age
  end
 
  def age=(@age : Int32)
  end
end

As we mentioned earlier, macros accept AST nodes at compile time and output Crystal code that is added to the program as if it was...

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