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Crystal Programming

Crystal Programming

By : George Dietrich, Bernal
5 (1)
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Crystal Programming

Crystal Programming

5 (1)
By: George Dietrich, Bernal

Overview of this book

Crystal is a programming language with a concise and user-friendly syntax, along with a seamless system and a performant core, reaching C-like speed. This book will help you gain a deep understanding of the fundamental concepts of Crystal and show you how to apply them to create various types of applications. This book comes packed with step-by-step explanations of essential concepts and practical examples. You'll learn how to use Crystal’s features to create complex and organized projects relying on OOP and its most common design patterns. As you progress, you'll gain a solid understanding of both the basic and advanced features of Crystal. This will enable you to build any application, including command-line interface (CLI) programs and web applications using IOs, concurrency and C bindings, HTTP servers, and the JSON API. By the end of this programming book, you’ll be equipped with the skills you need to use Crystal programming for building and understanding any application you come across.
Table of Contents (26 chapters)
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1
Part 1: Getting Started
5
Part 2: Learning by Doing – CLI
10
Part 3: Learn by Doing – Web Application
13
Part 4: Metaprogramming
18
Part 5: Supporting Tools

Using channels to communicate data safely

If sharing variables between fibers is not the proper way to communicate between fibers, then what is? The answer is channels. A channel is a way to communicate between fibers without needing to worry about race conditions, locks, semaphores, or other special structures. Let's take a look at the following example:

input_channel = Channel(Int32).new
output_channel = Channel(Int32).new
 
spawn do
  output_channel.send input_channel.receive * 2
end
 
input_channel.send 2
 
puts output_channel.receive

The preceding example creates two channels that contain the Int32 input and output values. Then it spawns a fiber that first receives a value from the input channel, doubles it, and sends it to the output channel. We then send the input channel an initial value of 2, and, finally, print the result we receive back from the output channel. As mentioned in the previous section, the fiber itself does not execute when we spawn it,...

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