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Pentesting Active Directory and Windows-based Infrastructure

Pentesting Active Directory and Windows-based Infrastructure

By : Denis Isakov
4.9 (14)
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Pentesting Active Directory and Windows-based Infrastructure

Pentesting Active Directory and Windows-based Infrastructure

4.9 (14)
By: Denis Isakov

Overview of this book

This book teaches you the tactics and techniques used to attack a Windows-based environment, along with showing you how to detect malicious activities and remediate misconfigurations and vulnerabilities. You’ll begin by deploying your lab, where every technique can be replicated. The chapters help you master every step of the attack kill chain and put new knowledge into practice. You’ll discover how to evade defense of common built-in security mechanisms, such as AMSI, AppLocker, and Sysmon; perform reconnaissance and discovery activities in the domain environment by using common protocols and tools; and harvest domain-wide credentials. You’ll also learn how to move laterally by blending into the environment’s traffic to stay under radar, escalate privileges inside the domain and across the forest, and achieve persistence at the domain level and on the domain controller. Every chapter discusses OpSec considerations for each technique, and you’ll apply this kill chain to perform the security assessment of other Microsoft products and services, such as Exchange, SQL Server, and SCCM. By the end of this book, you'll be able to perform a full-fledged security assessment of the Microsoft environment, detect malicious activity in your network, and guide IT engineers on remediation steps to improve the security posture of the company.
Table of Contents (13 chapters)
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Privilege escalation

In the previous section, we saw a number of techniques for database enumeration. In this section, we will use gathered reconnaissance results for the user khal.drogo to identify privilege escalation paths on the database server. We will also practice escalating privileges from SQL Server to the host itself. At the end of this section, we will escalate to the sysadmin role from the user, with host local administrator privileges.

Impersonation

One of the most common privilege escalation vectors is user impersonation. This privilege allows the impersonation of another user or login in order to access resources on behalf of the impersonated user, without specifically granting rights[10]. sysadmin has this permission for all databases, members of the db_owner role only have this permission in databases they own. We can check whether a current user is allowed to impersonate sa user login with the following query:

EXECUTE AS LOGIN = 'sa'
SELECT SYSTEM_USER...

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