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Salt Cookbook

Salt Cookbook

By : Anirban Saha
3.5 (2)
Buy this Book
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Salt Cookbook

Salt Cookbook

3.5 (2)
By: Anirban Saha
Buy this Book

Overview of this book

If you are a professional associated with system and infrastructure management, looking at automated infrastructure and deployments, then this book is for you. No prior experience of Salt is required.
Table of Contents (13 chapters)
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Preface
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Preface
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What this book covers
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What you need for this book
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Who this book is for
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Sections
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Conventions
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Reader feedback
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Customer support
Free Chapter
1
1. Salt Architecture and Components
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1. Salt Architecture and Components
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Introduction
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Installing and configuring the Salt master
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Configuring the Salt environment and pillar paths
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Understanding and configuring Salt pillars
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Understanding and writing Salt states
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Understanding and writing the top file
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Installing and configuring the Salt minion
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Configuring environments and grains on the minion
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Applying Salt states to minions
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2. Writing Advanced Salt Configurations
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2. Writing Advanced Salt Configurations
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Introduction
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Writing and retrieving pillar data
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Using pillar data in states
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Using grains in states
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Using conditionals in states and pillars
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Using Python functions in conditionals
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Using iterations in states
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Setting and using variables in states
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Testing a state run before applying to minions
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Configuring nodegroups
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Targeting minions
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3. Modules, Orchestration, and Scaling Salt
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3. Modules, Orchestration, and Scaling Salt
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Introduction
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Using execution modules
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Using state modules
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Configuring templates
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Using requisites
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Using Salt runners
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Orchestration with Salt orchestrate
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Salt multi-master setup (active-active mode)
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Salt multi-master setup (active-passive mode)
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4. General Administration Tasks
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4. General Administration Tasks
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Introduction
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Running commands
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Setting host entries and grains
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Setting time zone, locale, and kernel configurations
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Handling archive files
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Adding groups and users
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Performing SSH authentication tasks
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Scheduling jobs with cron
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Managing volumes
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Working with disks and mounts
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Managing network configurations
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5. Advanced Administration Tasks
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5. Advanced Administration Tasks
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Introduction
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Managing package repositories
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Managing packages using the default package manager
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Managing packages using rvm, gem, and pip
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Managing files
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Managing services
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Managing code repositories with Git
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Managing code repositories with svn
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Configuring alternatives
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6. Managing Application Servers
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6. Managing Application Servers
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Introduction
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Apache web server packages and services
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Managing web server modules
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Adding web server configuration
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Web server security with htpasswd
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Setting up Java for Apache Tomcat
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Apache Tomcat packages, files, and services
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Deploying the WAR file in Apache Tomcat
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7. Managing Databases
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7. Managing Databases
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Introduction
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Using MySQL packages, files, and services
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Using MySQL databases
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Creating MySQL database users
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Running MySQL queries
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Providing MySQL user grants
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Using PostgreSQL packages, files, and services
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Setting up PostgreSQL groups and users
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Configuring PostgreSQL databases
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8. Configuring Salt Cloud
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8. Configuring Salt Cloud
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Introduction
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Configuring the Salt cloud environment
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Configuring cloud providers
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Configuring cloud profiles
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Extending profiles and providers
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Configuring cloud maps
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Using post-install scripts
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Launching, querying, and destroying instances
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Performing general cloud functions
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9. Managing Amazon Web Services
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9. Managing Amazon Web Services
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Introduction
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Implementing security groups
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Using elastic load balancers
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Configuring DNS with Route53
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Configuring Simple Queue Service
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Deploying ElastiCache clusters
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Configuring CloudWatch alarms
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10. Salt Event and Reactor System
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10. Salt Event and Reactor System
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Introduction
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Learning the basics of the event system
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Listening to events
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Firing events
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Identifying and working with Salt event types
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Integrating and configuring the reactor system
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Using reactors for Salt tasks
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11. Troubleshooting
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11. Troubleshooting
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Introduction
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Troubleshooting the Salt master
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Troubleshooting the Salt minion
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Dealing with too many open files
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Connectivity, DNS, and ports
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Dealing with YAML configuration problems
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Index
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Index

Using grains in states

Grains are one of the most important features of Salt, based on which we can perform the configuration and orchestration tasks efficiently. Salt offers the flexibility to use the default grains and also to add custom grains as and when required. In this recipe, you will learn how to use grains in state configurations.

How to do it...

Configure a new minion with the hostname or minion ID as stgdc1app01 in the staging environment. In this naming convention, stg is the environment, dc1 is the location, app is the server type, and 01 is a numeric identifier for the host.

  1. Run the following command to get a full list of available grains on the minion:
    [root@salt-master ~]# salt 'stgdc1app01' grains.items
  2. Next, run the following command to get information about two specific grains that we will work with:
    [root@salt-master ~]# salt 'stgdc1app01' grains.item \ ip_interfaces fqdn
stgdc1app01:
  fqdn: stgdc1app01
  ip_interfaces: {'lo': ['127.0...

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