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Salt Cookbook

Salt Cookbook

By : Anirban Saha
3.5 (2)
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Salt Cookbook

Salt Cookbook

3.5 (2)
By: Anirban Saha

Overview of this book

If you are a professional associated with system and infrastructure management, looking at automated infrastructure and deployments, then this book is for you. No prior experience of Salt is required.
Table of Contents (13 chapters)
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Preface
Preface
What this book covers
What you need for this book
Who this book is for
Sections
Conventions
Reader feedback
Customer support
Free Chapter
1
1. Salt Architecture and Components
1. Salt Architecture and Components
Introduction
Installing and configuring the Salt master
Configuring the Salt environment and pillar paths
Understanding and configuring Salt pillars
Understanding and writing Salt states
Understanding and writing the top file
Installing and configuring the Salt minion
Configuring environments and grains on the minion
Applying Salt states to minions
2
2. Writing Advanced Salt Configurations
2. Writing Advanced Salt Configurations
Introduction
Writing and retrieving pillar data
Using pillar data in states
Using grains in states
Using conditionals in states and pillars
Using Python functions in conditionals
Using iterations in states
Setting and using variables in states
Testing a state run before applying to minions
Configuring nodegroups
Targeting minions
3
3. Modules, Orchestration, and Scaling Salt
3. Modules, Orchestration, and Scaling Salt
Introduction
Using execution modules
Using state modules
Configuring templates
Using requisites
Using Salt runners
Orchestration with Salt orchestrate
Salt multi-master setup (active-active mode)
Salt multi-master setup (active-passive mode)
4
4. General Administration Tasks
4. General Administration Tasks
Introduction
Running commands
Setting host entries and grains
Setting time zone, locale, and kernel configurations
Handling archive files
Adding groups and users
Performing SSH authentication tasks
Scheduling jobs with cron
Managing volumes
Working with disks and mounts
Managing network configurations
5
5. Advanced Administration Tasks
5. Advanced Administration Tasks
Introduction
Managing package repositories
Managing packages using the default package manager
Managing packages using rvm, gem, and pip
Managing files
Managing services
Managing code repositories with Git
Managing code repositories with svn
Configuring alternatives
6
6. Managing Application Servers
6. Managing Application Servers
Introduction
Apache web server packages and services
Managing web server modules
Adding web server configuration
Web server security with htpasswd
Setting up Java for Apache Tomcat
Apache Tomcat packages, files, and services
Deploying the WAR file in Apache Tomcat
7
7. Managing Databases
7. Managing Databases
Introduction
Using MySQL packages, files, and services
Using MySQL databases
Creating MySQL database users
Running MySQL queries
Providing MySQL user grants
Using PostgreSQL packages, files, and services
Setting up PostgreSQL groups and users
Configuring PostgreSQL databases
8
8. Configuring Salt Cloud
8. Configuring Salt Cloud
Introduction
Configuring the Salt cloud environment
Configuring cloud providers
Configuring cloud profiles
Extending profiles and providers
Configuring cloud maps
Using post-install scripts
Launching, querying, and destroying instances
Performing general cloud functions
9
9. Managing Amazon Web Services
9. Managing Amazon Web Services
Introduction
Implementing security groups
Using elastic load balancers
Configuring DNS with Route53
Configuring Simple Queue Service
Deploying ElastiCache clusters
Configuring CloudWatch alarms
10
10. Salt Event and Reactor System
10. Salt Event and Reactor System
Introduction
Learning the basics of the event system
Listening to events
Firing events
Identifying and working with Salt event types
Integrating and configuring the reactor system
Using reactors for Salt tasks
11
11. Troubleshooting
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11. Troubleshooting
Introduction
Troubleshooting the Salt master
Troubleshooting the Salt minion
Dealing with too many open files
Connectivity, DNS, and ports
Dealing with YAML configuration problems
12
Index
Index

Dealing with too many open files

In this recipe, you will learn how to resolve a situation where the number of open files exceeds the maximum file limit set in the operating system.

How to do it...

  1. On trying to add a new minion to the master, the following error may be noticed in the log:
    [salt.master    ][INFO    ] Starting Salt worker process 38
Too many open files
sock != -1 (tcp_listener.cpp:335)
  2. Check the limit of maximum open files in the system:
    [root@salt-master ~]# ulimit -n
1024
  3. Run the salt-master daemon in debug mode:
    [root@salt-master ~]# salt-master -l debug
.
.
[INFO    ] salt-master is starting as user 'root'
[INFO    ] Current values for max open files soft/hard setting: 1024/4096
[INFO    ] The value for the 'max_open_files' setting, 100000, is higher than what the user running salt is allowed to raise to, 4096. Defaulting to 4096.
[INFO    ] Raising max open files value to 4096
[INFO    ] New values for max open files soft/hard values: 4096/4096
  4. Edit the...

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