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Embedded Linux Development Using Yocto Project Cookbook

By : Alex Gonzalez

3.8 (8)

Embedded Linux Development Using Yocto Project Cookbook

3.8 (8)

By: Alex Gonzalez

Overview of this book

The Yocto Project has become the de facto distribution build framework for reliable and robust embedded systems with a reduced time to market.You'll get started by working on a build system where you set up Yocto, create a build directory, and learn how to debug it. Then, you'll explore everything about the BSP layer, from creating a custom layer to debugging device tree issues. In addition to this, you’ll learn how to add a new software layer, packages, data, scripts, and configuration files to your system. You will then cover topics based on application development, such as using the Software Development Kit and how to use the Yocto project in various development environments. Toward the end, you will learn how to debug, trace, and profile a running system. This second edition has been updated to include new content based on the latest Yocto release.

Preface

Preface

Who this book is for

What this book covers

To get the most out of this book

Get in touch

Free Chapter

The Build System

The Build System

Introduction

Setting up the host system

Installing Poky

Creating a build directory

Building your first image

Explaining the NXP Yocto ecosystem

Installing support for NXP hardware

Building Wandboard images

Using the Toaster web interface

Running a Toaster Docker container

Configuring network booting for a development setup

Using Docker as a Yocto build system container

Sharing downloads

Sharing the shared state cache

Setting up a package feed

Using build history

Working with build statistics

Debugging the build system

The BSP Layer

The BSP Layer

Introduction

Creating a custom BSP layer

Adding a custom kernel and bootloader

Building the U-Boot bootloader

Describing Linux's build system

Configuring the Linux kernel

Building the Linux kernel

Building external kernel modules

Debugging the Linux kernel and modules

Debugging the Linux kernel booting process

Using the kernel function tracing system

Managing the device tree

Debugging device tree issues

The Software Layer

The Software Layer

Introduction

Exploring an image's contents

Adding a new software layer

Selecting a specific package version and provider

Adding supported packages

Adding new packages

Adding data, scripts, or configuration files

Managing users and groups

Using the sysvinit initialization manager

Using the systemd initialization manager

Installing package installation scripts

Reducing the Linux kernel image size

Reducing the root filesystem size

Memory-based root filesystems

Securing the root filesystem

Releasing software

Analyzing your system for compliance

Working with open source and proprietary code

Application Development

Application Development

Introduction

Introducing toolchains

Preparing an SDK

Using the extensible SDK

Using the Eclipse IDE

Developing GTK+ applications

Using the Qt Creator IDE

Developing Qt applications

Describing workflows for application development

Working with GNU make

Working with the GNU build system

Working with the CMake build system

Working with the SCons builder

Developing with libraries

Working with the Linux framebuffer

Using the X Windows system

Using Wayland

Adding a web browser application

Adding Python applications

Integrating the Open Java Development Kit

Integrating Java applications

Integrating Node.js applications

Running Docker application containers

Debugging, Tracing, and Profiling

Debugging, Tracing, and Profiling

Introduction

Analyzing core dumps

Native GDB debugging

Cross GDB debugging

Using strace for application debugging

Using the kernel's performance counters

Using static kernel tracing

Using dynamic kernel tracing

Using dynamic kernel events

Exploring Yocto's tracing and profiling tools

Tracing and profiling with perf

Using SystemTap

Using LTTng

Using blktrace

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Using dynamic kernel events

Although dynamic tracing is a very useful feature, custom kernel modules do not have a user-friendly interface. Fortunately, the Linux kernel has been extended with the support of kprobe events, which allow us to set kprobes probes using a debugfs interface.

Getting ready

To make use of this feature, we need to configure our kernel with the CONFIG_KPROBE_EVENT configuration variable.

How to do it...

The debugfs interface adds probes via the /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/kprobe_events file.

For example, to add a kprobe called example_probe to the do_sys_open function, you can execute the following command:

# echo 'p:example_probe do_sys_open dfd=%r0 filename=%r1 flags=%r2 
mode=%r3' > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/kprobe_events

The probe will print the function's argument list, according to the function's declaration arguments as seen in the function's definition as follows:

long do_sys_open(int dfd, const char __user *filename, int flags, 
umode_t mode);

You can then manage...

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