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Essential Statistics for Non-STEM Data Analysts

Essential Statistics for Non-STEM Data Analysts

By : Li
4.6 (10)
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Essential Statistics for Non-STEM Data Analysts

Essential Statistics for Non-STEM Data Analysts

4.6 (10)
By: Li

Overview of this book

Statistics remain the backbone of modern analysis tasks, helping you to interpret the results produced by data science pipelines. This book is a detailed guide covering the math and various statistical methods required for undertaking data science tasks. The book starts by showing you how to preprocess data and inspect distributions and correlations from a statistical perspective. You’ll then get to grips with the fundamentals of statistical analysis and apply its concepts to real-world datasets. As you advance, you’ll find out how statistical concepts emerge from different stages of data science pipelines, understand the summary of datasets in the language of statistics, and use it to build a solid foundation for robust data products such as explanatory models and predictive models. Once you’ve uncovered the working mechanism of data science algorithms, you’ll cover essential concepts for efficient data collection, cleaning, mining, visualization, and analysis. Finally, you’ll implement statistical methods in key machine learning tasks such as classification, regression, tree-based methods, and ensemble learning. By the end of this Essential Statistics for Non-STEM Data Analysts book, you’ll have learned how to build and present a self-contained, statistics-backed data product to meet your business goals.
Table of Contents (19 chapters)
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1
Section 1: Getting Started with Statistics for Data Science
5
Section 2: Essentials of Statistical Analysis
10
Section 3: Statistics for Machine Learning
15
Section 4: Appendix

Using bivariate and multivariate descriptive statistics

In this section, we briefly talk about bivariate descriptive statistics. Bivariate descriptive statistics apply two variables rather than one. We are going to focus on correlation for continuous variables and cross-tabulation for categorical variables.

Covariance

The word covariance is often incorrectly used as correlation. However, there are a number of fundamental differences. Covariance usually measures the joint variability of two variables, while correlation focuses more on the strength of variability. Correlation coefficients have several definitions in different use cases. The most common descriptive statistic is the Pearson correlation coefficient. We will also be using it to describe the covariance of two variables. The correlation coefficient for variables x and y from a population is defined as follows:

Let's first examine the expression's sign. The coefficient becomes positive...

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