Groovy is a dynamic programming language for the Java Platform. You might be wondering why we specifically mention the Java platform. By the Java platform, it means Groovy code compiles into the bytecode, and bytecodes are executed on JVM similar to any other Java class. Along with the OOP features, it also provides the capability of scripting languages such as Python and Smalltalk, making them available to use in Groovy using a Java-like syntax.

As Groovy runs on JVM, it can be easily integrated with Java and nicely fits into the existing infrastructure. For example, the build and deployment of Groovy code is the same as the build and deployment of Java code, and you can easily mix Groovy and Java together by just adding another JAR file to the library. Groovy is not the only language that runs on JVM. Some of the other languages are Scala, Clojure, JRuby, Jython, and so on. In my opinion, if you have some Java background, Groovy is much easier to learn when compared with other...