As you will recall from our brief introduction to hashes in Chapter 3, Windows Passwords on the Network, hashing isn't encryption. An encrypted message can be decrypted into a readable message. A cryptographic hash, on the other hand, has no plaintext representation; it cannot be reversed. However, a particular input sent through a particular hashing algorithm will always result in the same hash output (called a one-way function). This makes hashing algorithms useful for integrity checks, as even a slight change to the input produces a radically different hash output. However, let's consider the fact that a hash output is a fixed length, regardless of the message being hashed; for long messages, the hash function is done in rounds on blocks of message data, over and over until the entire message is hashed...

Hands-On Penetration Testing on Windows
By :

Hands-On Penetration Testing on Windows
By:
Overview of this book
Windows has always been the go-to platform for users around the globe to perform administration and ad hoc tasks, in settings that range from small offices to global enterprises, and this massive footprint makes securing Windows a unique challenge. This book will enable you to distinguish yourself to your clients.
In this book, you'll learn advanced techniques to attack Windows environments from the indispensable toolkit that is Kali Linux. We'll work through core network hacking concepts and advanced Windows exploitation techniques, such as stack and heap overflows, precision heap spraying, and kernel exploitation, using coding principles that allow you to leverage powerful Python scripts and shellcode.
We'll wrap up with post-exploitation strategies that enable you to go deeper and keep your access. Finally, we'll introduce kernel hacking fundamentals and fuzzing testing, so you can discover vulnerabilities and write custom exploits.
By the end of this book, you'll be well-versed in identifying vulnerabilities within the Windows OS and developing the desired solutions for them.
Table of Contents (19 chapters)
Bypassing Network Access Control
Sniffing and Spoofing
Windows Passwords on the Network
Advanced Network Attacks
Cryptography and the Penetration Tester
Advanced Exploitation with Metasploit
Stack and Heap Memory Management
Windows Kernel Security
Weaponizing Python
Windows Shellcoding
Bypassing Protections with ROP
Fuzzing Techniques
Going Beyond the Foothold
Taking PowerShell to the Next Level
Escalating Privileges
Maintaining Access
Tips and Tricks
Assessment
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