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  • Book Overview & Buying Mastering Java 11
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Mastering Java 11

Mastering Java 11

By : Dr. Edward Lavieri Jr., Jog
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Mastering Java 11

Mastering Java 11

1 (2)
By: Dr. Edward Lavieri Jr., Jog

Overview of this book

Java 11 is a long-term release and its new features add to the richness of the language. It emphasizes variable-type inference, performance improvements, along with simplified multithreading. The Java platform has a special emphasis on modularity, making this the programming platform of choice for millions of developers. The modern Java platform can be used to build robust software applications, including enterprise-level and mobile applications. Fully updated for Java 11, this book stands to help any Java developer enjoy the richness of the Java programming language. Mastering Java 11 is your one-stop guide to fully understanding recent Java platform updates. It contains detailed explanations of the recent features introduced in Java 9, Java 10, and Java 11 along with obtaining practical guidance on how to apply the new features. As you make your way through the chapters, you'll discover further information on the developments of the Java platform and learn about the changes introduced by the variable handles and Project Coin, along with several enhancements in relation to import statements processing. In the concluding chapters, you'll learn to improve your development productivity, making your applications more efficient. You'll also be able to get to grips with the command-line flags with respect to various utilities and the command-line utility changes featured in the current Java platform. By the end of the book, you'll have obtained an advanced level understanding of the Java platform and its recent changes.
Table of Contents (20 chapters)
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Preface
Preface
Who this book is for
What this book covers
To get the most out of this book
Get in touch
Free Chapter
1
The Java 11 Landscape
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The Java 11 Landscape
Technical requirements
Understanding the Java platform's new versioning model
Understanding the significance of Java 9
Benefiting from changes introduced with Java 10
Benefiting from changes introduced with Java 11
Summary
Questions
Further reading
2
Discovering Java 11
Discovering Java 11
Technical requirements
Improved contended locking
Segmented code cache
Smart Java compilation
Resolving lint and doclint warnings
Tiered attribution for Javac
Annotations pipeline 2.0
New version-string scheme
Generating runtime compiler tests automatically
Testing class-file attributes generated by Javac
Storing interned strings in class-data sharing archives
Preparing JavaFX UI controls and Cascading Style Sheet APIs for modularization
Compact strings
Merging selected Xerces 2.11.0 updates into JAXP
Updating JavaFX/Media to the newer version of GStreamer
HarfBuzz font-layout engine
HiDPI graphics on Windows and Linux
Marlin graphics renderer
Unicode 8.0.0
Reserved stack areas for critical sections
Dynamic linking of language-defined object models
Additional tests for humongous objects in G1
Improving test-failure troubleshooting
Optimizing string concatenation
HotSpot C++ unit-test framework
Enabling GTK3 on Linux
New HotSpot build system
Consolidating the JDF forest into a single repository
Summary
Questions
Further reading
3
Java 11 Fundamentals
Java 11 Fundamentals
Technical requirements
Working with variable handlers
Import statement depreciation warnings
Milling Project Coin
Import statement processing
Inferring local variables
Thread-local handshakes
Heap allocation on alternative memory devices
Root certificates
Dynamic class-file constants
Removal of the Java EE and CORBA modules
Summary
Questions
Further reading
4
Building Modular Applications with Java 11
Building Modular Applications with Java 11
Technical requirements
A modular primer
The modular JDK
Modular runtime images
Module system
Modular Java application packaging
The Java Linker
Encapsulating most internal APIs
Summary
Questions
Further reading
5
Migrating Applications to Java 11
Migrating Applications to Java 11
Technical requirements
A quick review of Project Jigsaw
How modules fit into the Java landscape
Migration planning
Advice from Oracle
Runtime image changes
Deploying your applications
Useful tools
Summary
Questions
Further reading
6
Experimenting with the Java Shell
Experimenting with the Java Shell
Technical requirements
Understanding JShell
Getting started with JShell
Practical uses of JShell
Working with scripts
Summary
Questions
Further reading
7
Leveraging the Default G1 Garbage Collector
Leveraging the Default G1 Garbage Collector
Technical requirements
Overview of garbage collection
The pre-Java 9 garbage collection schema
Collecting garbage with the new Java platform
Persistent issues
Summary
Questions
Further reading
8
Microbenchmarking Applications with JMH
Microbenchmarking Applications with JMH
Technical requirements
Microbenchmarking overview
Microbenchmarking with Maven
Benchmarking options
Techniques for avoiding microbenchmarking pitfalls
Summary
Questions
Further reading
9
Making Use of the Process API
Making Use of the Process API
Technical requirements
Introducing processes
Working with the ProcessHandle interface
Reviewing a sample process controller app
Summary
Questions
Further reading
10
Fine-Grained Stack Tracing
Fine-Grained Stack Tracing
Technical requirements
Overview of the Java Stack
The importance of stack information
Working with StackWalker
StackFrame
Performance
Summary
Questions
11
New Tools and Tool Enhancements
New Tools and Tool Enhancements
Technical requirements
Working with the HTTP client
Understanding Javadoc and the Doclet API
Changes to the Multiple JRE feature
JavaScript Parser
Multiple-release JAR files
Java-level JVM Compiler Interface
TIFF support
Platform logging
XML Catalogs
Collections
Platform-specific desktop features
Enhanced method handling
Enhanced depreciation
The native header generation tool (javah)
Summary
Questions
Further reading
12
Concurrency Enhancements
Concurrency Enhancements
Technical requirements
Reactive programming
The Flow API
Additional concurrency updates
Spin-wait hints
Summary
Questions
Further reading
13
Security Enhancements
Security Enhancements
Technical requirements
Datagram Transport Layer Security
Creating PKCS12 keystores
Improving security application performance
The TLS application-layer protocol negotiation extension
Leveraging CPU instructions for GHASH and RSA
OCSP stapling for TLS
DRBG-based SecureRandom implementations
Summary
Questions
Further reading
14
Command-Line Flags
Command-Line Flags
Technical requirements
Unified JVM logging
Compiler control
Diagnostic commands
The heap profiling agent
Removing your JHAT
Command-line flag argument validation
Compiling for older platform versions
The experimental Java-based JIT compiler
Summary
Questions
Further reading
15
Additional Enhancements to the Java Platform
Additional Enhancements to the Java Platform
Technical requirements
Support for UTF-8
Unicode support
Linux/AArch64 port
Multiresolution images
Common Locale Data Repository
Summary
Questions
16
Future Directions
Future Directions
Technical requirements
An overview of the JDK Enhancement Proposal
JEP Candidates
JEP Submitted
JEP Drafted
Ongoing special projects
Summary
Questions
17
Contributing to the Java Platform
Contributing to the Java Platform
Technical requirements
The Java Community
Participating in a Java User Group
Java Community Process
Oracle Technology Network
Writing technical articles
Summary
Questions
18
Assessment
Assessment
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
19
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Understanding the Java platform's new versioning model

The first version of Java was released as Java 1 in 1996. Since then, there have been several incremental releases, each of which followed a feature-driven release model. Starting with Java 10, Oracle has implemented a new, time-based release model. In this section, we will look at the original model to provide a foundation to show how the Java platform evolved, and look at the new versioning model and why it matters.

Feature-driven releases

Following the 1996 launch of Java 1, subsequent releases had the nomenclature of 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4. With the release of 1.5, the Java platform was referred to as Java 5. Frequent updates were released for Java 5 until Java 6 was released followed by Java 7, Java 8, and Java 9.

The following table provides a condensed view of the Java release history until Java 9:

Release Name Version Year Released Code Name
Java 1 1.0 1996 Oak
Java 1.1 1.1 1997 (Abigail, Brutus, Chelsea)
Java 2 1.2 1998 Playground
Java 3 1.3 2000 Kestrel
Java 4 1.4 2002 Merlin
Java 5 1.5 2004 Tiger
Java 6 1.6 2006 Mustang
Java 7 1.7 2011 Dolphin
Java 8 1.8 2014 Spider
Java 9 9 2017 *Code names no longer used

The release of Java 9 was a significant change to the Java platform and how each of the versions was numbered. With the post-Java 9 releases, Oracle decided to abandon their feature-based model, opting for a time-released model instead.

Time-based releases

Java 9 was released in 2017 and two releases were scheduled for 2018. Those releases were Java 10 and Java 11. The version numbers for these post-Java 9 releases followed the YY.M format. So, with Java 10 released in March 2018, the version number was 18.3. Java 11, released in September 2018, has a version number of 18.9.

The general premise behind the new time-based release model is to have releases scheduled predictably and frequently. Here are the details:

  • Feature releases: Issued every six months (each March and September)
  • Update releases: Issued every quarter
  • Long-term support release: Issued every three years

There are great gains to be had, from a developer's perspective, with this model. Developers no longer need to wait long for releases to the Java platform. More significant is the fact that no release will represent a major change to the platform of the kind that Java 9 was.

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