We have just seen how to find the longest common subsequence. Using the same principle, we can implement DNA or protein sequencing, which can be very helpful for us in solving bioinformatic problems. For alignment purpose, we will use the most popular algorithm known as the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm. It is similar to our LCS algorithm, but the scoring system is different. Here, we score a match, mismatch, and gap in a different scoring system. There are two parts of the algorithm: one to calculate the matrix with possible sequence and the second part is tracking back the actual sequence with the best possible one. The Needleman-Wunsch algorithm provides the best global alignment solution for any given sequence. Since the algorithm itself is little bigger along with the scoring system explanation, which we can find in many websites or books...
PHP 7 Data Structures and Algorithms
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PHP 7 Data Structures and Algorithms
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Overview of this book
PHP has always been the the go-to language for web based application development, but there are materials and resources you can refer to to see how it works. Data structures and algorithms help you to code and execute them effectively, cutting down on processing time significantly.
If you want to explore data structures and algorithms in a practical way with real-life projects, then this book is for you.
The book begins by introducing you to data structures and algorithms and how to solve a problem from beginning to end using them. Once you are well aware of the basics, it covers the core aspects like arrays, listed lists, stacks and queues. It will take you through several methods of finding efficient algorithms and show you which ones you should implement in each scenario. In addition to this, you will explore the possibilities of functional data structures using PHP and go through advanced algorithms and graphs as well as dynamic programming.
By the end, you will be confident enough to tackle both basic and advanced data structures, understand how they work, and know when to use them in your day-to-day work
Table of Contents (14 chapters)
Preface
Free Chapter
Introduction to Data Structures and Algorithms
Understanding PHP Arrays
Using Linked Lists
Constructing Stacks and Queues
Applying Recursive Algorithms - Recursion
Understanding and Implementing Trees
Using Sorting Algorithms
Exploring Search Options
Putting Graphs into Action
Understanding and Using Heaps
Solving Problems with Advanced Techniques
PHP Built-In Support for Data Structures and Algorithms
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