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MongoDB Administrator???s Guide

By : Dasadia

5 (1)

MongoDB Administrator???s Guide

5 (1)

By: Dasadia

Overview of this book

MongoDB is a high-performance and feature-rich NoSQL database that forms the backbone of the systems that power many different organizations. Packed with many features that have become essential for many different types of software professional and incredibly easy to use, this cookbook contains more than 100 recipes to address the everyday challenges of working with MongoDB. Starting with database configuration, you will understand the indexing aspects of MongoDB. The book also includes practical recipes on how you can optimize your database query performance, perform diagnostics, and query debugging. You will also learn how to implement the core administration tasks required for high-availability and scalability, achieved through replica sets and sharding, respectively. You will also implement server security concepts such as authentication, user management, role-based access models, and TLS configuration. You will also learn how to back up and recover your database efficiently and monitor server performance. By the end of this book, you will have all the information you need—along with tips, tricks, and best practices—to implement a high-performance MongoDB solution.

Preface

Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Sections

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Free Chapter

Installation and Configuration

Installation and Configuration

Introduction

Installing and starting MongoDB on Linux

Installing and starting MongoDB on macOS

Binding MongoDB process to a specific network interface and port

Enabling SSL for MongodDB

Choosing the right MongoDB storage engine

Changing storage engine

Separating directories per database

Customizing the MongoDB configuration file

Running MongoDB as a Docker container

Understanding and Managing Indexes

Understanding and Managing Indexes

Introduction

Creating an index

Managing existing indexes

How to use compound indexes

Creating background indexes

Creating TTL-based indexes

Creating a sparse index

Creating a partial index

Creating a unique index

Performance Tuning

Performance Tuning

Introduction

Configuring disks for better I/O

Measuring disk I/O performance with mongoperf

Finding slow running queries and operations

Storage considerations when using Amazon EC2

Figuring out the size of a working set

High Availability with Replication

High Availability with Replication

Introduction

Initializing a new replica set

Adding a node to the replica set

Removing a node from the replica set

Working with an arbiter

Switching between primary and secondary nodes

Changing replica set configuration

Changing priority to replica set nodes

High Scalability with Sharding

High Scalability with Sharding

Understanding sharding and its components

Setting up and configuring a sharded cluster

Managing chunks

Moving non-sharded collection data from one shard to another

Removing a shard from the cluster

Understanding tag aware sharding – zones

Managing MongoDB Backups

Managing MongoDB Backups

Introduction

Taking backup using mongodump tool

Taking backup of a specific mongodb database or collection

Taking backup of a small subset of documents in a collection

Using bsondump tool to view mongodump output in human readable form

Creating a point in time backup of replica sets

Using the mongoexport tool

Creating a backup of a sharded cluster

Restoring MongoDB from Backups

Restoring MongoDB from Backups

Introduction

Restoring standalone MongoDB using the mongorestore tool

Restoring specific database or specific collection

Restoring data from one collection or database to another

Creating a new MongoDB replica set node using backups

Restoring a MongoDB sharded cluster from backup

Monitoring MongoDB

Monitoring MongoDB

Introduction

Monitoring MongoDB performance with mongostat

Checking replication lag of nodes in a replica set

Monitoring and killing long running operations on MongoDB

Checking disk I/O usage

Collecting MongoDB metrics using Diamond and Graphite

Authentication and Security in MongoDB

Authentication and Security in MongoDB

Introduction

Setting up authentication in MongoDB and creating a superuser account

Creating normal users and assigning built-in roles

Creating and assigning custom roles

Restoring access if you are locked out

Using key files to authenticate servers in a replica set

Deploying MongoDB in Production

Deploying MongoDB in Production

Introduction

Configuring MongoDB for a production deployment

Upgrading production MongoDB to a newer version

Setting up and configuring TLS (SSL)

Restricting network access using firewalls

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Customizing the MongoDB configuration file

In all the previous recipes of this chapter, we have passed command line flags to the mongod daemon. In this recipe, we will look at how to use the config file as an alternative to passing command line flags.

Getting ready

Nothing special, just make sure you have a MongoDB database installation ready.

How to do it..

Start your favorite text editor and add the following in a file called mongod.conf:

storage:
  dbPath: /data/db
  engine: wiredTiger
  directoryPerDB: true
net:
  port: 27000
  bindIp: 127.0.0.1
  ssl:
    mode: requireSSL
    PEMKeyFile: /data/mongo-secure.pem

Start your mongod instance:

mongodb/bin/mongod --config /data/mongod.conf

How it works...

MongoDB allows passing command line parameters to mongod using a YAML file. In step 1, we are creating a config file called mongod.conf. We add all the previously used command line parameters from this chapter, into this config file in YAML format. A quick look at the file's content should make it clear that the parameters are divided into sections and relevant subsections. Next, in step 2, we start the mongod instance, but this time with just one parameter --config followed by the path of our config file.

As we saw in earlier recipes, although passing configuration parameters seems normal, it is highly advisable that one should use configuration files instead. Having all parameters in a single configuration file not only makes it easier in terms of viewing the parameters but also helps us programmatically (YAML FTW!) inspect and manage the values of these variables. This simplifies operations and reduces the chance of errors.

There's more...

Do have a look at other parameters available in the configuration file https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/configuration-options/.

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