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Predictive Analytics using Rattle and Qlik Sense

Predictive Analytics using Rattle and Qlik Sense

By : Ferran Garcia Pagans, Fernando G Pagans
4 (5)
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Predictive Analytics using Rattle and Qlik Sense

Predictive Analytics using Rattle and Qlik Sense

4 (5)
By: Ferran Garcia Pagans, Fernando G Pagans
Buy this Book

Overview of this book

If you are a business analyst who wants to understand how to improve your data analysis and how to apply predictive analytics, then this book is ideal for you. This book assumes you have some basic knowledge of statistics and a spreadsheet editor such as Excel, but knowledge of QlikView is not required.
Table of Contents (11 chapters)
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Preface
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Preface
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What this book covers
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What you need for this book
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Who this book is for
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Conventions
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Reader feedback
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Customer support
Free Chapter
1
1. Getting Ready with Predictive Analytics
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1. Getting Ready with Predictive Analytics
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Analytics, predictive analytics, and data visualization
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Purpose of the book
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Introducing R, Rattle, and Qlik Sense Desktop
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Installing the environment
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Downloading and installing Rattle
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Installing Qlik Sense Desktop
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Exploring Qlik Sense Desktop
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Further learning
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Summary
2
2. Preparing Your Data
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2. Preparing Your Data
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Datasets, observations, and variables
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Loading data
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Transforming data
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Cleaning up
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Exporting data
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Further learning
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Summary
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3. Exploring and Understanding Your Data
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3. Exploring and Understanding Your Data
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Text summaries
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Visualizing distributions
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Correlations among input variables
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Further learning
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Summary
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4. Creating Your First Qlik Sense Application
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4. Creating Your First Qlik Sense Application
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Customer segmentation and customer buying behavior
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Loading data and creating a data model
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Creating a simple data app
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Associative logic
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Creating charts
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Analyzing your data
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Further learning
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Summary
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5. Clustering and Other Unsupervised Learning Methods
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5. Clustering and Other Unsupervised Learning Methods
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Machine learning – unsupervised and supervised learning
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Further learning
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Summary
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6. Decision Trees and Other Supervised Learning Methods
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6. Decision Trees and Other Supervised Learning Methods
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Partitioning datasets and model optimization
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Decision Tree Learning
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Entropy and information gain
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Underfitting and overfitting
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Using a Decision Tree to classify credit risks
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Ensemble classifiers
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Other models
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Further learning
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Summary
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7. Model Evaluation
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7. Model Evaluation
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Cross-validation
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Regression performance
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Measuring the performance of classifiers
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Further learning
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Summary
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8. Visualizations, Data Applications, Dashboards, and Data Storytelling
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8. Visualizations, Data Applications, Dashboards, and Data Storytelling
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Data visualization in Qlik Sense
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Data analysis, data applications, and dashboards
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Data storytelling with Qlik Sense
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Further learning
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Summary
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9. Developing a Complete Application
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9. Developing a Complete Application
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Understanding the bike rental problem
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Exploring the data with Qlik Sense
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Creating a Qlik Sense App to control the activity
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Using Rattle to forecast the demand
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Model evaluation
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Further learning
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Summary
10
Index
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Index

Entropy and information gain

Before we explain how to create a Decision Tree, we need to introduce two important concepts—entropy and information gain.

Entropy measures the homogeneity of a dataset. Imagine a dataset with 10 observations with one attribute, as shown in the following diagram, the value of this attribute is A for the 10 observations. This dataset is completely homogenous and is easy to predict the value of the next observation, it'll probably be A:

The entropy in a dataset that is completely homogenous is zero. Now, imagine a similar dataset, but in this dataset each observation has a different value, as shown in the following diagram:

Now, the dataset is very heterogeneous and it's hard to predict the following observation. In this dataset, the entropy is higher. The formula to calculate the entropy is , where is the probability of x.

Try to calculate the entropy for the following datasets:

Now, we understand how entropy helps us to know the level of predictability of a dataset...

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