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  • Predictive Analytics using Rattle and Qlik Sense
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Predictive Analytics using Rattle and Qlik Sense

Predictive Analytics using Rattle and Qlik Sense

By : Ferran Garcia Pagans, Fernando G Pagans
4 (5)
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Predictive Analytics using Rattle and Qlik Sense

Predictive Analytics using Rattle and Qlik Sense

4 (5)
By: Ferran Garcia Pagans, Fernando G Pagans

Overview of this book

If you are a business analyst who wants to understand how to improve your data analysis and how to apply predictive analytics, then this book is ideal for you. This book assumes you have some basic knowledge of statistics and a spreadsheet editor such as Excel, but knowledge of QlikView is not required.
Table of Contents (11 chapters)
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Preface
Preface
What this book covers
What you need for this book
Who this book is for
Conventions
Reader feedback
Customer support
Free Chapter
1
1. Getting Ready with Predictive Analytics
1. Getting Ready with Predictive Analytics
Analytics, predictive analytics, and data visualization
Purpose of the book
Introducing R, Rattle, and Qlik Sense Desktop
Installing the environment
Downloading and installing Rattle
Installing Qlik Sense Desktop
Exploring Qlik Sense Desktop
Further learning
Summary
2
2. Preparing Your Data
2. Preparing Your Data
Datasets, observations, and variables
Loading data
Transforming data
Cleaning up
Exporting data
Further learning
Summary
3
3. Exploring and Understanding Your Data
3. Exploring and Understanding Your Data
Text summaries
Visualizing distributions
Correlations among input variables
Further learning
Summary
4
4. Creating Your First Qlik Sense Application
4. Creating Your First Qlik Sense Application
Customer segmentation and customer buying behavior
Loading data and creating a data model
Creating a simple data app
Associative logic
Creating charts
Analyzing your data
Further learning
Summary
5
5. Clustering and Other Unsupervised Learning Methods
5. Clustering and Other Unsupervised Learning Methods
Machine learning – unsupervised and supervised learning
Further learning
Summary
6
6. Decision Trees and Other Supervised Learning Methods
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6. Decision Trees and Other Supervised Learning Methods
Partitioning datasets and model optimization
Decision Tree Learning
Entropy and information gain
Underfitting and overfitting
Using a Decision Tree to classify credit risks
Ensemble classifiers
Other models
Further learning
Summary
7
7. Model Evaluation
7. Model Evaluation
Cross-validation
Regression performance
Measuring the performance of classifiers
Further learning
Summary
8
8. Visualizations, Data Applications, Dashboards, and Data Storytelling
8. Visualizations, Data Applications, Dashboards, and Data Storytelling
Data visualization in Qlik Sense
Data analysis, data applications, and dashboards
Data storytelling with Qlik Sense
Further learning
Summary
9
9. Developing a Complete Application
9. Developing a Complete Application
Understanding the bike rental problem
Exploring the data with Qlik Sense
Creating a Qlik Sense App to control the activity
Using Rattle to forecast the demand
Model evaluation
Further learning
Summary
10
Index
Index

Entropy and information gain

Before we explain how to create a Decision Tree, we need to introduce two important concepts—entropy and information gain.

Entropy measures the homogeneity of a dataset. Imagine a dataset with 10 observations with one attribute, as shown in the following diagram, the value of this attribute is A for the 10 observations. This dataset is completely homogenous and is easy to predict the value of the next observation, it'll probably be A:

The entropy in a dataset that is completely homogenous is zero. Now, imagine a similar dataset, but in this dataset each observation has a different value, as shown in the following diagram:

Now, the dataset is very heterogeneous and it's hard to predict the following observation. In this dataset, the entropy is higher. The formula to calculate the entropy is , where is the probability of x.

Try to calculate the entropy for the following datasets:

Now, we understand how entropy helps us to know the level of predictability of a dataset...

End of Section 6
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