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Learning Bayesian Models with R

Learning Bayesian Models with R

By : Hari Manassery Koduvely
3.4 (7)
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Learning Bayesian Models with R

Learning Bayesian Models with R

3.4 (7)
By: Hari Manassery Koduvely

Overview of this book

Bayesian Inference provides a unified framework to deal with all sorts of uncertainties when learning patterns form data using machine learning models and use it for predicting future observations. However, learning and implementing Bayesian models is not easy for data science practitioners due to the level of mathematical treatment involved. Also, applying Bayesian methods to real-world problems requires high computational resources. With the recent advances in computation and several open sources packages available in R, Bayesian modeling has become more feasible to use for practical applications today. Therefore, it would be advantageous for all data scientists and engineers to understand Bayesian methods and apply them in their projects to achieve better results. Learning Bayesian Models with R starts by giving you a comprehensive coverage of the Bayesian Machine Learning models and the R packages that implement them. It begins with an introduction to the fundamentals of probability theory and R programming for those who are new to the subject. Then the book covers some of the important machine learning methods, both supervised and unsupervised learning, implemented using Bayesian Inference and R. Every chapter begins with a theoretical description of the method explained in a very simple manner. Then, relevant R packages are discussed and some illustrations using data sets from the UCI Machine Learning repository are given. Each chapter ends with some simple exercises for you to get hands-on experience of the concepts and R packages discussed in the chapter. The last chapters are devoted to the latest development in the field, specifically Deep Learning, which uses a class of Neural Network models that are currently at the frontier of Artificial Intelligence. The book concludes with the application of Bayesian methods on Big Data using the Hadoop and Spark frameworks.
Table of Contents (11 chapters)
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10
Index

Bayesian theorem

From the definition of the conditional probabilities Bayesian theorem and Bayesian theorem, it is easy to show the following:

Bayesian theorem

Rev. Thomas Bayes (1701–1761) used this rule and formulated his famous Bayes theorem that can be interpreted if Bayesian theorem represents the initial degree of belief (or prior probability) in the value of a random variable A before observing B; then, its posterior probability or degree of belief after accounted for B will get updated according to the preceding equation. So, the Bayesian inference essentially corresponds to updating beliefs about an uncertain system after having made some observations about it. In the sense, this is also how we human beings learn about the world. For example, before we visit a new city, we will have certain prior knowledge about the place after reading from books or on the Web.

However, soon after we reach the place, this belief will get updated based on our initial experience of the place. We continuously update the belief as we explore the new city more and more. We will describe Bayesian inference more in detail in Chapter 3, Introducing Bayesian Inference.

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