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Puppet 5 Cookbook

Puppet 5 Cookbook

By : Thomas Uphill
3.7 (3)
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Puppet 5 Cookbook

Puppet 5 Cookbook

3.7 (3)
By: Thomas Uphill

Overview of this book

Puppet is a configuration management system that automates all your IT configurations, giving you control of managing each node. Puppet 5 Cookbook will take you through Puppet's latest and most advanced features, including Docker containers, Hiera, and AWS Cloud Orchestration. Updated with the latest advancements and best practices, this book delves into various aspects of writing good Puppet code, which includes using Puppet community style, checking your manifests with puppet-lint, and learning community best practices with an emphasis on real-world implementation. You will learn to set up, install, and create your first manifests with version control, and also learn about various sysadmin tasks, including managing configuration files, using Augeas, and generating files from snippets and templates. As the book progresses, you'll explore virtual resources and use Puppet's resource scheduling and auditing features. In the concluding chapters, you'll walk through managing applications and writing your own resource types, providers, and external node classifiers. By the end of this book, you will have learned to report, log, and debug your system.
Table of Contents (12 chapters)
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Preface
Preface
Who this book is for
What this book covers
To get the most out of this book
Sections
Get in touch
Free Chapter
1
Puppet Language and Style
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Puppet Language and Style
Introduction
Adding a resource to a node
Using facter to describe a node
Using puppet facts
Installing a package before starting a service
Installing, configuring, and starting a service
Using community Puppet style
Installing Puppet
Creating a manifest
Checking your manifests with puppet-lint
Making modules
Using standard naming conventions
Using inline templates
Iterating over multiple items
Writing powerful conditional statements
Using regular expressions in if statements
Using selectors and case statements
Using the in operator
Using regular expression substitutions
Puppet 5 changes
Puppet 4/5 changes
2
Puppet Infrastructure
Puppet Infrastructure
Introduction
Managing your manifests with Git
Creating a decentralized Puppet architecture
Writing a papply script
Running Puppet from cron
Bootstrapping Puppet with bash
Creating a centralized Puppet infrastructure
Creating certificates with multiple DNS names
Setting up the environment
Configuring PuppetDB
Configuring Hiera
Environment-specific Hiera
Setting node-specific data with Hiera
Writing a custom Hiera5 function
Storing secret data with hiera-eyaml
Automatic syntax-checking with Git hooks
Pushing code around with Git
Managing environments with Git
3
Writing Better Manifests
Writing Better Manifests
Introduction
Using arrays of resources
Using resource defaults
Using defined types
Using tags
Using run stages
Using roles and profiles
Using data types in Puppet
Passing parameters to classes
Passing parameters from Hiera
Writing reusable, cross-platform manifests
Getting information about the environment
Importing dynamic information
Passing arguments to shell commands
4
Working with Files and Packages
Working with Files and Packages
Introduction
Making quick edits to config files
Editing INI-style files with puppetlabs-inifile
Using Augeas to reliably edit config files
Building config files using snippets
Using ERB templates
Using array iterations in templates
Using EPP templates
Using GnuPG to encrypt secrets
Comparing package versions
5
Users and Virtual Resources
Users and Virtual Resources
Introduction
Using virtual resources
Managing users with virtual resources
Managing users' SSH access
Managing users' customization files
Using exported resources
6
Managing Resources and Files
Managing Resources and Files
Introduction
Distributing cron jobs efficiently
Scheduling when resources are to be applied
Using host resources
Using exported host resources
Using multiple file sources
Distributing and merging directory trees
Cleaning up old files
Auditing resources
Temporarily disabling resources
7
Managing Applications
Managing Applications
Introduction
Using public modules
Managing Apache servers
Creating Apache virtual hosts
Creating NGINX virtual hosts
Managing MariaDB
Creating databases and users
8
Servers and Cloud Infrastructure
Servers and Cloud Infrastructure
Introduction
Managing firewalls with iptables
Building high-availability services using Keepalived
Managing NFS servers and file shares
Using HAProxy to load balance multiple web servers
Managing EC2 instances
Managing virtual machines with Vagrant
Managing Docker with Puppet
9
External Tools and the Puppet Ecosystem
External Tools and the Puppet Ecosystem
Introduction
Creating custom facts
Adding external facts
Setting facts as environment variables
Generating manifests with the Puppet resource command
Generating manifests with other tools
Using PDK
Using an external node classifier
Creating your own resource types
Creating your own providers
Creating custom functions
Testing your puppet manifests with rspec-puppet
10
Monitoring, Reporting, and Troubleshooting
Monitoring, Reporting, and Troubleshooting
Introduction
Noop—the don't-change-anything option
Logging the command output
Logging debug messages
Generating reports
Producing automatic HTML documentation
Drawing dependency graphs
Understanding Puppet errors
Inspecting configuration settings
11
Other Books You May Enjoy
Other Books You May Enjoy
Leave a review - let other readers know what you think

Installing Puppet

You may install Puppet locally on your machine or create a virtual machine and install Puppet on that machine.

How to do it...

For YUM-based systems, use https://yum.puppetlabs.com/puppet5, and for APT-based systems, use https://apt.puppetlabs.com/. Use the puppet5-release-[version].deb package to install Puppet 5. After installing the YUM release RPM or the APT release source package, install the puppet-agent package. The puppet-agent package installs all the files necessary to support Puppet in agent mode on a node.

You may also use gem to install Puppet:

  1. To use gem, we need the rubygems package as follows:
t@cookbook:~$ sudo yum install rubygems
 Resolving Dependencies
 --> Running transaction check
 ---> Package rubygems.noarch 0:2.0.14.1-30.el7 will be installed
 ...
 Installed:
  rubygems.noarch 0:2.0.14.1-30.el7
  1. Now, use gem to install Puppet:
t@cookbook:~$ gem install puppet

Fetching: facter-2.5.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed facter-2.5.1
Fetching: hiera-3.4.2.gem (100%)
Successfully installed hiera-3.4.2
Fetching: fast_gettext-1.1.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed fast_gettext-1.1.0
Fetching: locale-2.1.2.gem (100%)
Successfully installed locale-2.1.2
Fetching: text-1.3.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed text-1.3.1
Fetching: gettext-3.2.6.gem (100%)
Successfully installed gettext-3.2.6
Fetching: gettext-setup-0.29.gem (100%)
Successfully installed gettext-setup-0.29
Fetching: puppet-5.0.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed puppet-5.5.2
Parsing documentation for facter-2.5.1
Installing ri documentation for facter-2.5.1
Parsing documentation for hiera-3.4.2
Installing ri documentation for hiera-3.4.2
Parsing documentation for fast_gettext-1.1.0
Installing ri documentation for fast_gettext-1.1.0
Parsing documentation for locale-2.1.2
Installing ri documentation for locale-2.1.2
Parsing documentation for text-1.3.1
Installing ri documentation for text-1.3.1
Parsing documentation for gettext-3.2.6
Installing ri documentation for gettext-3.2.6
Parsing documentation for gettext-setup-0.29
Installing ri documentation for gettext-setup-0.29
Parsing documentation for puppet-5.5.2
Installing ri documentation for puppet-5.5.2
8 gems installed

For the examples in this book, I suggest using the puppet-agent package installation. The package installation method of Puppet uses the AIO (All-In-One) mentality. The puppet-agent package installs all the necessary support files for Puppet and does not rely on system libraries and applications. The most important dependency is Ruby: the AIO puppet-agent package installs a Puppet-specific Ruby that has been tested against the version of Puppet to which it belongs.

End of Section 9
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