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Mastering Responsive Web Design
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The nav icon can be represented in many ways. RWD takes patterns from mobile apps since small screens apps and websites have many similar metaphors.
Let's take a look at the common navigation icon patterns:
This is by far the most popular icon used to represent the navigation button: ≡.
The hamburger icon was created by Norm Cox in 1981. Norm's intention with this icon was to "…mimic the look of the resulting displayed menu list." (http://gizmodo.com/who-designed-the-iconic-hamburger-icon-1555438787).
In other words, the hamburger icon's real name is the list icon.
Now, if we think about it, the hamburger icon is semantically correct because it represents exactly what is displayed when it's triggered: a list of items. However, some UX studies have revealed that the hamburger icon isn't as effective...
Change the font size
Change margin width
Change background colour