
PostgreSQL 14 Administration Cookbook
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By default, as of PostgreSQL 14, passwords are encrypted using the SCRAM-SHA-256 login method for users, which was added in PostgreSQL 10. Any servers upgrading from earlier versions should upgrade from MD5 to SCRAM-SHA-256 password encryption since the MD5 authentication method is considered insecure for many applications.
For client applications connecting from trusted private networks, either real or a virtual private network (VPN), you may use host-based access, provided you know that the machine on which the application is running is not used by some non-trusted individuals. For remote access over public networks, it may be a better idea to use SSL client certificates. See the later recipe, Using SSL certificates to authenticate, for more on this.
To see which users don't yet have SCRAM
-encrypted passwords, use this query:
test2=# select usename,passwd from pg_shadow where passwd not like ...
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