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Mastering Hadoop

Mastering Hadoop

By : Karanth
4 (3)
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Mastering Hadoop

Mastering Hadoop

4 (3)
By: Karanth
Buy this Book

Overview of this book

Do you want to broaden your Hadoop skill set and take your knowledge to the next level? Do you wish to enhance your knowledge of Hadoop to solve challenging data processing problems? Are your Hadoop jobs, Pig scripts, or Hive queries not working as fast as you intend? Are you looking to understand the benefits of upgrading Hadoop? If the answer is yes to any of these, this book is for you. It assumes novice-level familiarity with Hadoop.
Table of Contents (15 chapters)
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Preface
Preface
What this book covers
What you need for this book?
Who this book is for
Conventions
Reader feedback
Customer support
Free Chapter
1
1. Hadoop 2.X
1. Hadoop 2.X
The inception of Hadoop
The evolution of Hadoop
Hadoop 2.X
Hadoop distributions
Summary
2
2. Advanced MapReduce
2. Advanced MapReduce
MapReduce input
The RecordReader class
Hadoop's "small files" problem
Filtering inputs
The Map task
The Reduce task
MapReduce output
MapReduce job counters
Handling data joins
Summary
3
3. Advanced Pig
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3. Advanced Pig
Pig versus SQL
Different modes of execution
Complex data types in Pig
Compiling Pig scripts
Development and debugging aids
The advanced Pig operators
User-defined functions
Pig performance optimizations
Best practices
Summary
4
4. Advanced Hive
4. Advanced Hive
The Hive architecture
Data types
File formats
The data model
Hive query optimizers
Advanced DML
UDF, UDAF, and UDTF
Summary
5
5. Serialization and Hadoop I/O
5. Serialization and Hadoop I/O
Data serialization in Hadoop
Avro serialization
File formats
Compression
Summary
6
6. YARN – Bringing Other Paradigms to Hadoop
6. YARN – Bringing Other Paradigms to Hadoop
The YARN architecture
Developing YARN applications
Monitoring YARN
Job scheduling in YARN
YARN commands
Summary
7
7. Storm on YARN – Low Latency Processing in Hadoop
7. Storm on YARN – Low Latency Processing in Hadoop
Batch processing versus streaming
Apache Storm
Storm on YARN
Summary
8
8. Hadoop on the Cloud
8. Hadoop on the Cloud
Cloud computing characteristics
Hadoop on the cloud
Amazon Elastic MapReduce (EMR)
Summary
9
9. HDFS Replacements
9. HDFS Replacements
HDFS – advantages and drawbacks
Amazon AWS S3
Implementing a filesystem in Hadoop
Implementing an S3 native filesystem in Hadoop
Summary
10
10. HDFS Federation
10. HDFS Federation
Limitations of the older HDFS architecture
Architecture of HDFS Federation
HDFS high availability
HDFS block placement
Summary
11
11. Hadoop Security
11. Hadoop Security
The security pillars
Authentication in Hadoop
Authorization in Hadoop
Data confidentiality in Hadoop
Audit logging in Hadoop
Summary
12
12. Analytics Using Hadoop
12. Analytics Using Hadoop
Data analytics workflow
Machine learning
Apache Mahout
Document analysis using Hadoop and Mahout
RHadoop
Summary
13
A. Hadoop for Microsoft Windows
A. Hadoop for Microsoft Windows
Deploying Hadoop on Microsoft Windows
Summary
14
Index
Index

Compiling Pig scripts

The Pig architecture is layered to facilitate pluggable execution engines. Hadoop's MapReduce is an execution platform that is plugged into Pig. There are three main phases when compiling and executing a Pig script: preparing the logical plan, transforming it into a physical plan, and finally, compiling the physical plan into a MapReduce plan that can be executed in the appropriate execution environment.

The logical plan

The Pig statements are first parsed for syntax errors. Validation of the input files and input data structures happens during parsing. Type checking in the presence of a schema is done during this phase. A logical plan, a DAG of operators as nodes, and data flow as edges are then prepared. The logical plan cannot be executed and is agnostic of the execution layer. Optimizations based on in-built rules happen at this stage. Some of these rules are discussed later in the chapter. The logical plan has a one-to-one correspondence with the operators available...

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