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Maven Essentials

Maven Essentials

By : Russell E Gold, Siriwardena
3.9 (8)
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Maven Essentials

Maven Essentials

3.9 (8)
By: Russell E Gold, Siriwardena

Overview of this book

Maven is the #1 build tool used by developers and it has been around for more than a decade. Maven stands out among other build tools due to its extremely extensible architecture, which is built on of the concept of convention over configuration. It’s widely used by many open source Java projects under Apache Software Foundation, Sourceforge, Google Code, and more. Maven Essentials is a fast-paced guide to show you the key concepts in Maven and build automation. We get started by introducing you to Maven and exploring its core concepts and architecture. Next, you will learn about and write a Project Object Model (POM) while creating your own Maven project. You will also find out how to create custom archetypes and plugins to establish the most common goals in build automation. After this, you’ll get to know how to design the build to prevent any maintenance nightmares, with proper dependency management. We then explore Maven build lifecycles and Maven assemblies. Finally, you will discover how to apply the best practices when designing a build system to improve developer productivity.
Table of Contents (9 chapters)
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Preface
Preface
What this book covers
What you need for this book
Who this book is for
Conventions
Reader feedback
Customer support
Free Chapter
1
1. Apache Maven Quick Start
1. Apache Maven Quick Start
Installing Apache Maven
Configuring the heap size
Hello Maven!
Convention over configuration
Maven repositories
IDE integration
Troubleshooting
Summary
2
2. Understanding the Project Object Model (POM)
2. Understanding the Project Object Model (POM)
Project Object Model (POM)
POM hierarchy
Super POM
POM extending and overriding
Maven coordinates
The parent POM
Managing POM dependencies
Summary
3
3. Maven Archetypes
3. Maven Archetypes
Archetype quickstart
Batch mode
Archetype catalogues
The archetype plugin goals
Java EE web applications with the archetype plugin
Android mobile applications with the archetype plugin
EJB archives with the archetype plugin
JIRA plugins with the archetype plugin
Spring MVC applications with the archetype plugin
Summary
4
4. Maven Plugins
4. Maven Plugins
Common Maven plugins
Plugin discovery and execution
Summary
5
5. Build Lifecycles
5. Build Lifecycles
Standard lifecycles in Maven
Lifecycle bindings
Lifecycle extensions
Summary
6
6. Maven Assemblies
6. Maven Assemblies
The assembly plugin
The assembly descriptor
Artifact/resource filtering
Assembly help
A runnable standalone Maven project
Summary
7
7. Best Practices
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7. Best Practices
Dependency management
Defining a parent module
POM properties
Avoiding repetitive groupIds and versions, and inheriting from the parent POM
Following naming conventions
Think twice before you write your own plugin. You may not need it!
The Maven release plugin
The Maven enforcer plugin
Avoiding the use of unversioned plugins
Descriptive parent POM files
Documentation is your friend
Avoid overriding the default directory structure
Using SNAPSHOT versioning during the development
Get rid of unused dependencies
Avoiding keeping credentials in application POM files
Avoiding using deprecated references
Avoiding repetition – use archetypes
Avoiding using maven.test.skip
Summary
8
Index
Index

Avoiding the use of unversioned plugins

If you have associated a plugin with your application POM, without a version, then Maven will download the corresponding maven-metadata.xml file and store it locally. Only the latest released version of the plugin will be downloaded and used in the project. This can easily create uncertainties. Your project may work fine with the current version of a plugin, but later, if there is a new release of the same plugin, your Maven project will start to use the latest one automatically. This can result in an unpredictable behavior and lead to a debugging mess.

Tip

It is always recommended that you specify the plugin version along with the plugin configuration.

You can enforce this as a rule with the Maven enforcer plugin, shown as follows:

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-enforcer-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>1.3.1</version>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      ...

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