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Proxmox High Availability
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After we have talked about so many concepts, let's learn how to configure Proxmox! I assume you have downloaded and installed your own Proxmox. If you face any difficulty during the installation, you can refer to the following link:
https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Quick_installation
The following steps will help you perform basic administration in Proxmox VE:
https://<Proxmox_IP>:8006
. When you first visit the page, your browser will warn you that the SSL certificate is not a trusted one. It is normal if you have experience in building your self-signed SSL certificate on your web server. If you have a domain name for your Proxmox server and would like to have a SSL certificate signed by an authorized CA, please take a look at the following sites:There are two ways to create new virtual machines: Create VM and Create CT.
Before we can start trying to build our own virtual machines with OpenVZ, we have to first upload either an OS template or an ISO file that contains the operating system installation files to Proxmox. The following steps will help us understand how to do this:
The three options available are as follows:
{OSName}-{OSVersion}-{OSName}_{OSType}_{amd64/i386}.tar.gz
This format is shown in the following example:
centos-6-CentOS_standard_amd64.tar.gz
The output can be seen in the following screenshot:
We are now ready to create our own virtual machines; let's see how we can create an OpenVZ-based virtual machine first. For example, the OpenVZ template file will be stored inside /var/lib/vz/template/cache/
; you can also manually upload it to that directory if you don't wish to use the web interface.
To create an OpenVZ-based virtual machine, please follow these steps:
In the following screenshot, we choose the Routed mode and specify an IP address for demonstration:
/etc/resolv.conf
file in the virtualized guest:We have seen how to create OpenVZ-based virtual machines; now, let's learn how we can create a kernel-based virtual machine:
Isn't it easy to create a virtual machine with a web interface? By the way, you can identify whether a virtual machine is an OpenVZ container or KVM by its associated icons, as shown in the following screenshot:
Congratulations! You have just created your own virtual machine! Wait, how can we access the system? That's a good question; here, we have two options to achieve our goal. One option is to access it from the web browser. What? Access an operating system with a web browser? Yes, let's see how it works:
Prior to Proxmox 3.2, a new console mode, SPICE, was introduced, which provides a better usage performance especially in a KVM machine. You can refer to https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/SPICE for more details.
Make sure you have the latest JAVA runtime (JRE), preferably with JAVA 7 on your browser, and allow it to run if there is any prompt message. You can download it from http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html. If you cannot run the applet, refer to Chapter 8, Troubleshooting on a Proxmox Cluster, for troubleshooting.
Pay attention to OpenVZ-based VM; you will see that it cannot be accessed from the console because you have to configure a getty service inside the VM. So, we need to use another method for this purpose, for example, the OpenVZ management CLI:
root
account, as shown in the following screenshot:vzlist
command as shown in the following screenshot:vzctl enter <CTID>
, for example, vzctl enter 102
.etc/init.d/tty.conf
with vi or any text editor you like.tty.conf
file:# This service maintains agetty on tty1 from the point the
# system is started until it is shut down again.
start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=[2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]
respawn
exec /sbin/agetty -8 tty1 38400
start tty
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