1. GraphQL is an open source data query and manipulation language for APIs, and a runtime for fulfilling queries with existing data.
2. GraphQL enables the possibility of avoiding over-fetching data and enables rapid product development.
3. Yes. It is open source under Facebook's license, and is available at https://opensource.fb.com.
4. Yes. You can get the data from wherever you want and use GraphQL.
5. GraphQL Playground is a graphical, interactive, in-browser GraphQL IDE, created by Prisma and based on GraphQL.
6. The most basic components of a GraphQL schema are object types, which represent a kind of object you can fetch from your service, and what fields it has. The following is an example:

type Character {
  name: String!
  appearsIn: [Episode!]!
}

7. It is when something might change the data state, such as creating a new object or updating an existing one, as follows:

export...