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Mastering Linux Administration
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As we have demonstrated in the previous chapter, there are two main types of virtualization: virtual machine (VM)-based and container-based. We discussed VM-based virtualization in the previous chapter, and now it is time to explain what containers are. At a very basic, conceptual level, containers are similar to VMs. They have similar purposes – allowing an isolated environment to run – but they are different in so many ways that they can hardly be called similar. Let’s compare these two concepts in more detail.
As you already know, a VM emulates the machine’s hardware and uses it as if there were several machines available. By comparison, containers do not replicate the physical machine’s hardware; they do not emulate anything.
A container shares the base OS kernel with shared libraries and binaries needed for certain applications to run. The applications are contained inside the...