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  • Kali Linux: Wireless Penetration Testing Beginner's Guide, Second Edition
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Kali Linux: Wireless Penetration Testing Beginner's Guide, Second Edition

Kali Linux: Wireless Penetration Testing Beginner's Guide, Second Edition

By : Cameron Buchanan, Vivek Ramachandran
4.5 (44)
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Kali Linux: Wireless Penetration Testing Beginner's Guide, Second Edition

Kali Linux: Wireless Penetration Testing Beginner's Guide, Second Edition

4.5 (44)
By: Cameron Buchanan, Vivek Ramachandran

Overview of this book

If you are a security professional, pentester, or anyone interested in getting to grips with wireless penetration testing, this is the book for you. Some familiarity with Kali Linux and wireless concepts is beneficial.
Table of Contents (13 chapters)
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Preface
Preface
What this book covers
What you need for this book
Who this book is for
Conventions
Reader feedback
Customer support
Free Chapter
1
1. Wireless Lab Setup
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1. Wireless Lab Setup
Hardware requirements
Software requirements
Installing Kali
Time for action – installing Kali
Setting up the access point
Time for action – configuring the access point
Setting up the wireless card
Time for action – configuring your wireless card
Connecting to the access point
Time for action – configuring your wireless card
Summary
2
2. WLAN and its Inherent Insecurities
2. WLAN and its Inherent Insecurities
Revisiting WLAN frames
Time for action – creating a monitor mode interface
Time for action – sniffing wireless packets
Time for action – viewing management, control, and data frames
Time for action – sniffing data packets for our network
Time for action – packet injection
Important note on WLAN sniffing and injection
Time for action – experimenting with your adapter
The role of regulatory domains in wireless
Time for action – experimenting with your adapter
Summary
3
3. Bypassing WLAN Authentication
3. Bypassing WLAN Authentication
Hidden SSIDs
Time for action – uncovering hidden SSIDs
MAC filters
Time for action – beating MAC filters
Open Authentication
Time for action – bypassing Open Authentication
Shared Key Authentication
Time for action – bypassing Shared Authentication
Summary
4
4. WLAN Encryption Flaws
4. WLAN Encryption Flaws
WLAN encryption
WEP encryption
Time for action – cracking WEP
WPA/WPA2
Time for action – cracking WPA-PSK weak passphrases
Speeding up WPA/WPA2 PSK cracking
Time for action – speeding up the cracking process
Decrypting WEP and WPA packets
Time for action – decrypting WEP and WPA packets
Connecting to WEP and WPA networks
Time for action – connecting to a WEP network
Time for action – connecting to a WPA network
Summary
5
5. Attacks on the WLAN Infrastructure
5. Attacks on the WLAN Infrastructure
Default accounts and credentials on the access point
Time for action – cracking default accounts on the access points
Denial of service attacks
Time for action – deauthentication DoS attacks
Evil twin and access point MAC spoofing
Time for action – evil twins and MAC spoofing
A rogue access point
Time for action – cracking WEP
Summary
6
6. Attacking the Client
6. Attacking the Client
Honeypot and Mis-Association attacks
Time for action – orchestrating a Mis-Association attack
The Caffe Latte attack
Time for action – conducting a Caffe Latte attack
Deauthentication and disassociation attacks
Time for action – deauthenticating the client
The Hirte attack
Time for action – cracking WEP with the Hirte attack
AP-less WPA-Personal cracking
Time for action – AP-less WPA cracking
Summary
7
7. Advanced WLAN Attacks
7. Advanced WLAN Attacks
A man-in-the-middle attack
Time for action – man-in-the-middle attack
Wireless Eavesdropping using MITM
Time for action – Wireless Eavesdropping
Session hijacking over wireless
Time for action – session hijacking over wireless
Finding security configurations on the client
Time for action – deauthentication attacks on the client
Summary
8
8. Attacking WPA-Enterprise and RADIUS
8. Attacking WPA-Enterprise and RADIUS
Setting up FreeRADIUS-WPE
Time for action – setting up the AP with FreeRADIUS-WPE
Attacking PEAP
Time for action – cracking PEAP
EAP-TTLS
Security best practices for Enterprises
Summary
9
9. WLAN Penetration Testing Methodology
9. WLAN Penetration Testing Methodology
Wireless penetration testing
Planning
Discovery
Attack
Reporting
Summary
10
10. WPS and Probes
10. WPS and Probes
WPS attacks
Time for action – WPS attack
Probe sniffing
Time for action – collecting data
Summary
11
A. Pop Quiz Answers
Chapter 1, Wireless Lab Setup
Chapter 2, WLAN and its Inherent Insecurities
Chapter 3, Bypassing WLAN Authentication
Chapter 4, WLAN Encryption Flaws
Chapter 5, Attacks on the WLAN Infrastructure
Chapter 6, Attacking the Client
Chapter 7, Advanced WLAN Attacks
Chapter 8, Attacking WPA-Enterprise and RADIUS
12
Index
Index

Time for action – configuring your wireless card

Here we go! Follow these steps to connect your wireless card to the access point:

  1. Let's first see what wireless networks our adapter is currently detecting. Issue the command iwlist wlan0 scanning and you will find a list of networks in your vicinity:
    Time for action – configuring your wireless card

    Keep scrolling down and you should find the Wireless Lab network in this list. In my setup, it is detected as Cell 05; it may be different in yours. The ESSID field contains the network name.

  2. As multiple access points can have the same SSID, verify that the MAC address mentioned in the preceding Address field matches your access point's MAC. A fast and easy way to get the MAC address is underneath the access point or using web-based GUI settings.
  3. Now, issue the iwconfig wlan0 essid "Wireless Lab" command and then iwconfig wlan0 to check the status. If you have successfully connected to the access point, you should see the MAC address of the access point in the Access Point: field in the output of iwconfig.
  4. We know that the access point has a management interface IP address 192.168.0.1 from its manual. Alternately, this is the same as the default router IP address when we run the route –n command. Let's set our IP address in the same subnet by issuing the ifconfig wlan0 192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 up command. Verify the command succeeded by typing ifconfig wlan0 and checking the output.
  5. Now let's ping the access point by issuing the ping 192.168.0.1 command. If the network connection has been set up properly, then you should see the responses from the access point. You can additionally issue an arp –a command to verify that the response is coming from the access point. You should see that the MAC address of the IP 192.168.0.1 is the access point's MAC address we noted earlier. It is important to note that some of the more recent access points might have responses to Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request packets disabled. This is typically done to make the access point secure out-of-the-box with only minimal configuration settings available. In such a case, you can try to launch a browser and access the web interface to verify that the connection is up-and-running:
    Time for action – configuring your wireless card

    On the access point, we can verify connectivity by looking at the connection logs. As you can see in the following log, the MAC address of the wireless card 4C:0F:6E:70:BD:CB has been logged making DHCP requests from the router:

    Time for action – configuring your wireless card

What just happened?

We just connected to our access point successfully from Kali using our wireless adapter as the wireless device. We also learnt how to verify that a connection has been established at both the wireless client and the access point side.

Have a go hero – establishing a connection in a WEP configuration

Here is a challenging exercise for you—set up the access point in a WEP configuration. For each of these, try establishing a connection with the access point using the wireless adapter. Hint: check the manual for the iwconfig command by typing man iwconfig to see how to configure the card to connect to WEP.

Pop quiz – understanding the basics

Q1. After issuing the command ifconfig wlan0, how do you verify the wireless card is up and functional?

Q2. Can we run all our experiments using the Kali live CD alone? Can we not install the CD to the hard drive?

Q3. What does the command arp –a show?

Q4. Which tool should we use in Kali to connect to WPA/WPA2 networks?

End of Section 11
Next Section
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